Method of making filter cartridges



, Feb.-5, 1952 J. w. WILKINSON 2,534,771

METHOD OF MAKING FILTER CARTRIDGES Filed July 26, 1946 2 SHEETS-SHEET lIN VEN TOR.

um WWW/21m Feb. 5, 1952 w, w mso 2,584,771 METHOD OF MAKING FILTERCARTRIDGES Filed July 26, 19 46 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 fka /0 iffo/weyPatented Feb. 5, 1952 UNITED: STATES Janies w. Wilkinson, Hastings, Michassignqn to Hastings Manufacturing Company, Hastings Application July26, 1946; S:erial no. 686,541

5 F ame- 1 This invention. relates to improvements in filter cartridgesand method of making.

This invention relates particularly to. method. of making filtercartridge for the oil filter of an internal combustion engine, butmaybeapplied to other types of filter cartridges. 'Ihecartridgeillustrated is intended to be used the il-filter shown in my copend-ingapplication, 'Serial- No; 686,546, filed July'26, 1946, forOil Filters;now Patent Number 2,511,800 as of June 13, 1950;

The principal objects of the'invention are: First, to provide ameans andmethod for filling thecartridgewith filtering materialof a uniformdensity throughout the body of the car'- tridge I l Second, to providenovel and: economical means for forming a sealat the: ends of; thecartridge.

The drawings, of: which there: are two sheets illustrate a preferredform of the cartridge to-- gether with the method for'manufacturing the.cartridge and one modified form of cartridge.

Fig. 1 represents a vertical cross sectionali view: showing thebeginning. of'the. filling-lopera-tiom Fig. 2v represents a verticalcross-sectionalrv-iew. showing an intermediate tampin'g and packingoperation.

Fig. 3 represents a vertical cross-sectional view showing thefinalipacking andca'ppingoperation.

Fig. 4 representsa partial; crossesectional: view;- showing! the firststep in sealing the top' of the cartridge. 1f.

Fig. 5 represents a toprviewof thetcartridge. after the-firstsealing.operation showmirr Fig. 4;. Fig. Grepresents :a vertical-crosssectionalrview showing thefinal-zsealingioperationr Fig. 7- representsan elevational' viewpartially broken away showing the completedcartridge.

Fig. 8 represents an enlarged cross-sectional; view showing theseal usedat each endlof the cartridge.

9 .representsla vertical cross-sectional.- view. through amodified formofcartridge;

Fig. 10 represents a plan view of-zthe: cartridge illustratedin Fig. 9;r 4 It has I previously been proposed to. make filter; cartridges fromcotton string, wasteycellulose; fibres, and other absorbent. materials.It. has further been proposed to: pack the filtering:..ma-p terial. inthe: cartridge to obtain; better. filtering. results. I have found.that; untreated cotton linters-packedto a uniform: density of.-.1';80.to275:

grams per 65 cut in. of..spa.ce gives improved;

filtering capacity. The untreated or unkiered lintersi have. a highnatural wax content, none of which has been removed by mechanical orlinters less: susceptible. to moisture 3118 oil; Since water repellentmaterial is far superior-Jo water saturatedfibres inattractingcontaminants inv the oil,'.- the linters will filter outmoreof the carbon and metal; particles, asphaltines, and; resinous matterappearing in the oil, from opera: tion of; the engine, and; more.otthexair; borne; particles picked. up. from the air outside of theengine.

Since a mass. of cotton linters has a llufiy: spring or resilient;characteristic, it-isiirnpossibleto. obtain a uniform d'ensity. withintheacartridge by a single pressin operation. I have, thereiore,provided. a. press in. which are. mounted: a. pairof small: cylindrical;tampsarranged torreciprocate: below the. main; press andpack-thelinters. within the body of the cartridge before: the top of the massispressedinto. the cartridge. I have also: provided; a topior thecartridge which; may be applied. to the topv of; theresilient; mass; oflinters forfinally compressing. them; to the; proper density. beforesealing: the cartridge;

. As shown inthe drawings; the: cartrid e onrl sists of. a cylinder;body or sidewall member; I; provided with a. bottom, 2 which secured tothe body by seaming-orcrimping before thefill-r. ing operationbegins.The center-.01; the.,b'ot t,om;. is apertured to receive the oil returnpipe 3 which is. secured, to, the bottom. by, seamin on. crimpingbeforethe filling process begins. Both: the; body. and the pipe areperioratedfor thepassase of oil therethrough.

The filling processconsists of placing: the. on a base Aprovided withavertical; pin. 5:;which. fits inside the oil return. pipe: and:prevents. the.

linters. from. being. packed therein. A funnel:

shapedihopper 6 isthenafittedovertheupperendi; of'the body .with theintermediate sleevev or-neclt-r piece 1. engagingthe. end: of the.body:- A: guide. rod 83 extends. downwardly into the upper. end;

, of: the return oil pipe anda. sufiicientjamount of loosecottontlinters. tad-obtain a. final; ratio: of; between 180 and 275grams. per 651cm in. erected into thefunnel; as. indicated; at min-Fig.A tampin head:v l0 then; lowered around the. guide rod- 8;; as: shown.in: Fig. 2 and the tamping bars. lil:v which: extend; through thetamping, head;

shemioal earnestn ss-1...Ree-see the are reciprocated-totamp the--linter'slinitheibottom. of the, body. After the. linters are. packed;formlyup fromthe bottom; of: the body, the. temp In; is l'owered tovcompress. the. top. of themass; of linters to the level of the top ofthey body: T e. pe tor s o d: desirably rotate the body on the pin, 5so; thatthe rods: H canbe. brought n erested: th al ,the imers. round hedb mit-name a r After the linters have been packed into the body, thefilling funnel and tamp are removed and a cover I2 is inserted in thesleeve I (see Figs. 3 and 4) and pressed down by the plunger l3 againstthe bead [4 formed near the upper end of the oil return pipe. The coverl2 has been preformed-to have an annular depressed flange [5' in itscenter and an upturned flange [6 around the outer edge thereof. Theplunger [3 is provided with a central pin I! which fits into the oilreturn pipe and which is tapered as at l8 to fiare out the upper end ofthe oil return pipe over the annular flange on the cover.

The sleeve I is provided with four out-outs IS, the upper edges of whichare arranged to bend over the upper edge of the container at four placesas indicated at 20 in Figs. 4 and 5. After the plunger l3 has clampedthe top of the oil return pipe over the cover," the sleeve 1 is presseddownwardly to set the outer edges of the cover in place.

After the cover is temporarily held in place, the body is placed under aspinning or seaming head 2 I which is provided with the center rollers22 and the grooved outer rollers 23. The spinning or seaming head ispressed tightly against the top of the body and rotated to roll theupper end of the oil return pipe fiat against the annular flange of thecover and to crimp or seam the upper edges of the body around the outerflange of the cover. The cover I2 is preferably formed with a pair ofupwardly pressed ears 25 as shown in Fig. 5 to permit the securing of awire handle to the cartridge. The handle 26 is used in installingandiremoving the cartridge from the filter housing.

After the cartridge has been filled and closed in the manner justdescribed, an annular sealing gasket 24 is formed around each end of theoil return pipe (see Fig.8) by spraying or painting a liquid sealingcompound of oil resistant material on the metal pipe. The material usedi a synthetic rubber material which will adhere to the metal and whichwill harden into a compressible mass. The commercial product neopreneisa good example of the material to be used. i

In the modified form of the cartridge shown iii-Figs. -9 and the fillingoperation is carried out in the-same manner as was just described, butthe neoprene seals are omitted and the cork or other fibre seals 21 areapplied to the cartridge after it has beenfilled. The top and bottom ofthe cartridge are formed with annularly disposed series of pressed-outcars 28. Seats 29 having inwardly extending, return bend, annularflanges are inserted in the ends of the oil return pipe. Annular disks30 of cork or other seal material are placed over the seats and held inplace by the retaining. disks. 3|. The retaining disks are securedin'place by bending down the cars 28 overthe outer edges thereof.

The invention has been illustrated and described in a highly practicalcommercial embodiment thereof.. There has been no attempt to showfurther adaptations, as it is believed that this disclosure will enablethose skilled in the art to adapt the invention as may be desired.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new and desiredto secure by Letters Patent is:

1. The method of forming a filter cartridge enclosed in a-cylindricalbody with a bottom wall and a central'pipe secured to said bottom wallwhich comprises the steps of, placing said body under a funnel,introducing fibrous filtering material in natural unrestrained bulk formthrough ,said funnel, tamping said material first with a tion of the topof said body inwardly over said top wall simultaneously with thepressing of said top wall into said body, and crimping the edges of saidbody and the top of said pipe on said top wall.

2. The method of forming a filter cartridge enclosed in a cylindricalbody with a bottom wall and a central pipe secured to said bottom wallwhich comprises the steps of, placing a sleeve on top of said body,placing a funnel on said sleeve, introducing fibrous filtering materialin natural unrestrained bulk form through said funnel, tamping saidmaterial with a small rod extending into said body, passing a tampcovering substantially the whole area of said body down said sleeve,pressing a top wall into said body and around the end of said pipe andsimultaneously turning the end of said pipe outwardly over said top walland folding a portion of the top of said body inwardly over said topwall, and then crimping the edges of 'said body and the top of said pipeon said top wall.

3. The method of forming a filter cartridge enclosed in a cylindricalbody with a bottom wall and a central pipe secured to said bottom wallwhich comprises the steps of, placing a sleeve and a superimposed funnelon said body, introducing filtering material in natural unrestrainedbulk form through said funnel, tamping said material with a small rod,pressing a top wall into said body and around the end of said pipe witha plunger and simultaneously pressing the end of said pipe outwardly ofsaid top wall with said plunger, pressing a portion of the top of saidbody inwardly over said top wall with said sleeve, and then removingsaid sleeve and crimping the edges of said body and the top of the pipeover said top wall.

4. The method of filling a filter cartridge comprising the steps ofplacing an extension on said cartridge, then filling said cartridge andsaid extension with loose cotton linters and tamping said linters with asmall tamp that penetrates into said cartridge, passing an end wallthrough said extension into said cartridge and bending a portion of saidcartridge to hold said end wall in place, and then removing saidextension and seaming said cartridge to said end wall to form a closedend. I

5. The method of filling a filter cartridge with a central return pipecomprising the steps of placing an extension on said cartridge, fillingsaid extension and said cartridge with loose fibrous material, tampingsaid material with a tamp that penetrates the mass of material withinsaid cartridge to compact the material located near the bottom of thecartridge, passing an end wall through said extension into saidcartridge and around said pipe to press said material from saidextension into said cartridge, bending a portion of said cartridge andsaid pipe to hold said end wall in place, and rolling said cartridge andthe end of said pipe over said end wall.

JAMES W. WILKINSON.

' 'K Reterences'on tollowini'me) REFERENCES CITED The followingreferences are of record in the flie of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,031,935 Cuno Feb. 25, 19362,031,936 Cuno Feb. 25, 1936 2,046,366 Collins July 7, 1936 2,046,367Collins July 7, 1936 1.

Number 8 Name Date Northup Aug. 23, 1938 Kamrath June 4, 1940 AldhauiApr. 14, 1942 Winslow et a1 Mar. 23, 1943 Wicks Nov. 16, 1943 Winslow eta1 Apr. 4, 1944 Kunkhammer M23716, 1944 Pawelsky et a1 Mar. 27, 1945

